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The physical examination is the examination of the patient looking for signs of
disease ('Symptoms' are what the patient volunteers, 'Signs' are what the
healthcare provider detects by examination). The healthcare provider uses the
senses of sight, hearing, touch, and sometimes smell (taste has been made redundant
by the availability of modern lab tests). Four chief methods are used: inspection,
palpation (feel), percussion (tap to determine resonance characteristics), and
auscultation (listen); smelling may be useful (e.g. infection, uremia, diabetic
ketoacidosis). The clinical examination involves study of:

